In Canada, there are many government agencies responsible for aquatic ecosystems. Through a web of interconnecting programs provided by many levels of government, as well as a number of non-governmental groups, these agencies work in cooperation to protect aquatic ecosystems.

A National Ecological Framework

Canada’s Oceans Strategy

Canada's Oceans Strategy is the policy that guides the management of Canada's oceans. The strategy aims to manage Canada’s oceans in collaboration with other levels of government, Aboriginal organisations, communities, businesses, non-governmental organisations, academia, and Canadians generally.

A Strategic Plan for Ontario Fisheries

Freshwater fisheries are among Ontario's most valued natural resources. Protecting and restoring aquatic ecosystems not only means healthy fish but healthier environments. Healthy aquatic ecosystems provide fishing opportunities and a nutritious food supply, and create employment.

Source Water Protection

The Trillium - Ontario's National FlowerSource water protection is the first barrier in a multi-barrier approach to protecting the water in Ontario's lakes, rivers and underground aquifers. Source protection complements water treatment by reducing the risk that water gets contaminated in the first place.

In Québec, the management of most wildlife falls under provincial jurisdiction, with the exception of migratory birds and marine organisms, which are a federal responsibility. Before legislation specifically targeting threatened or vulnerable species was actually passed, all endangered vertebrates enjoyed certain protection measures under Québec’s Environment Quality Act, the Act respecting the conservation and development of wildlife, and Fishery Regulations.

Wildlife Habitat Protection Legislation

Blue Flag - Quebec's National FlowerIn Québec, there is a law which protects wildlife habitat and more specifically habitat located on Crown lands With more than 600 species of vertebrates and a multitude of invertebrates, Québec wildlife is rich and diversified. Originally, conservation measures were put in place to protect animals themselves. The need to also protect animal and fish habitats became more and more evident in the second half of the 20th century.

Watershed Stewardship Programs

Conservation Authorities have a long history in working with landowners in the planning and delivery of watershed stewardship initiatives. As caretakers of their local environment, Conservation Authorities devise approaches to plan, promote and implement stewardship practices that protect and restore natural resources.